Teori Present Perfect

Present Perfect
Present perfect tense is used to express action or situation that has or has occurred. When did the act or situation is not too important.

Sentence patterns present perfect tense.

Pattern I
(+) S + have / has + V3
(-) S + have / has + not + V3
(?) Have / has + S + V3

Pattern II
(+) S + have / has + been + adj / Adv / N
(-) S + have / has + not + been + adj / Adv / N
(?) Have / has + S + been + adj / Adv / N

Example sentence pattern I:
I have finished my work.
She has not eaten lunch.
Have you seen That movie?

Sample sentence pattern II:
She has been sick for two days.
They have not been busy for one day.
Have you been here for two hours?


Notes

Has used if the subject is third person singular (he, she, it).

In conversation (present perfect tense) is usually the subject and auxiliary verb experiencing condensation (contraction). And sometimes in the form of writing, the cutting is also used.
I've finished my work.
She's been sick for two days.

Abbreviations' s after the subject of a third person can mean the auxiliary verbs (auxiliary verb) have or be. "It's eaten" can mean:
It has eaten. [present perfect tense, active voice]
It is eaten. [present tense, passive voice]
Consider the context, it will be clear where auxiliary verbs are used.

Present perfect tense is often used in England than in America are more likely to use past tense forms.
Have you Had lunch? (English)
Did you have lunch? (United States)